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BLOGHow to Play Hong Kong Mahjong: A Beginner’s Guide [2023]
A well-known tile-based game with a long history is called Hong Kong Mahjong. Using a set of tiles, it is a variation on the classic Chinese game of Mahjong. Hong Kong Mahjong is played differently from other variations of the game and has its own own set of rules.
The history of Hong Kong Mahjong, the set of tiles used, the game’s basic rules, how to play it, special hands, winning strategies, and more will all be covered in this article.
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History of Hong Kong Mahjong
Hong Kong Mahjong, commonly referred to as Cantonese Mahjong, is a version of the game that is well-liked in Cantonese-speaking areas like Hong Kong. The game’s scoring structure and regulations are comparable to those of other Mahjong variations, although it differs in a few key ways.
The use of the “flower tiles” is one of the primary distinctions between Hong Kong Mahjong and other Mahjong variations. These tiles are exclusive to Hong Kong Mahjong and are not found in other games. The four flower tiles—a plum, an orchid, a chrysanthemum, and a bamboo—depict various flowers. Players can raise their score by using them as bonus tiles.
The utilisation of “jokers” is another distinctive aspect of Hong Kong Mahjong. Two additional tiles, known as jokers, are not included in the typical Mahjong set. They can be used to complete a hand and to represent any tile in the game. Other Mahjong variations don’t frequently employ jokers.
Mahjong surged in popularity in Hong Kong during the 1950s and 1960s. It was performed all over the city in tea rooms, parks, and private residences.
The game’s appeal was partly attributable to the fact that it gave residents of a city with limited space and frequently crowded living circumstances a means of social interaction.
Hong Kong Mahjong is still a favourite game in Hong Kong, other Cantonese-speaking areas, and other places where there are Chinese communities today. The game is now more accessible than ever thanks to its adaptation into a variety of digital formats, such as mobile apps and internet versions.
Hong Kong Mahjong Set of Tiles
The 144 tiles in the Hong Kong Mahjong set are separated into three suits: bamboo, characters, and circles. There are four of each tile, with the numbers one through nine being represented in each suit.
There are honour tiles and bonus tiles in addition to the suits. The wind tiles (east, west, north, south) and the dragon tiles are honour tiles (red, green, and white). Bonus tiles include the flower tiles and the season tiles.
Hong Kong Mahjong Rules
Although there are numerous ways to play mahjong around the world, there are some universally recognised rules for Hong Kong Mahjong. Among these guidelines are the following:
- Three suits of 144 tiles—bamboo, characters, and circles are included in the game’s supply. There are 36 tiles overall in each suit, with each tile having a number from one to nine.
- Honor tiles also exist, such as winds and dragons. East, South, West, and North are the four winds, and Green, Red, and White are the three dragons.
- The dealer rolls the dice to decide who will be the first dealer and how many tiles will be distributed to each player at the beginning of the game.
- 13 tiles are dealt to each player, plus one extra tile for the dealer.
- The object of the game is to collect a full hand of 14 tiles, or four sets and a pair. There are two types of sets: three of a kind (known as pung) and four of a kind (called kong). Two matching tiles make up a pair.
- Players take turns drawing and discarding tiles at the start of each round until one player has a full hand.
- By the time there are no more tiles to draw, the round finishes in a draw if no player has constructed a complete hand.
- The worth of the finished hand is used to determine scoring. Points may be given for obtaining particular hands, such as nine gates or thirteen orphans, or for specific sets, like as flowers or dragons.
- Some actions can result in penalties, such as requesting a tile that has already been discarded by another player or failing to announce a winning hand when one forms.
Although these guidelines are standard, there may be differences among Hong Kong players or clubs. To guarantee that the game is fair and entertaining for all participants, it is crucial to make the rules clear before the game begins.
How To Play Hong Kong Mahjong?
Now that we have covered the history and rules of Hong Kong Mahjong, let’s get into the gameplay itself. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to play Hong Kong Mahjong.
Gameplay
Hong Kong Mahjong is played with four players, and the game is played in rounds. The objective of the game is to create a winning hand by collecting sets of tiles.
The sets can be either “Chow,” “Pung,” or “Kong,” as discussed earlier. Players take turns drawing and discarding tiles until someone has a winning hand.
Determining Turn Order
Before the game begins, players must determine the order in which they will take their turns. This is usually done by rolling the dice, and the player with the highest roll goes first.
If two or more players roll the same number, they will roll again until a winner is determined.
The Turns
The game starts with the player to the right of the dealer taking the first turn. On each turn, a player must do one of the following:
- Draw a tile from the wall.
- Claim a discarded tile to make a set.
- Declare a winning hand.
- After the player completes their turn, the turn passes to the next player in a clockwise direction.
Winning
To win in Hong Kong Mahjong, a player must create a hand that meets the requirements of a winning hand. The winning hand must consist of four sets and a pair, or special hands as described earlier.
Penalties
There are various penalties that players may incur while playing Hong Kong Mahjong. These penalties include discarding the wrong tile, drawing extra tiles, and declaring a false win.
Scoring
The scoring system in Hong Kong Mahjong is complex and varies depending on the specific rules being played. Players can earn points by creating sets, winning hands, and fulfilling specific conditions.
It is important to familiarize yourself with the scoring system before playing Hong Kong Mahjong, as it can greatly impact the outcome of the game.
Special Hands of Hong Kong Mahjong
Hong Kong Mahjong has several special hands, which are more difficult to make but offer higher scores. In this section, we will introduce some of the most famous and challenging hands of Hong Kong Mahjong.
A. Seven Pairs
A hand known as the Seven Pairs is made up of seven pairs and one extra tile. Although one of the easiest special hands to make, there is still some element of chance involved. You need seven sets of matching tiles plus one extra tile to complete this hand. This hand has a value of 24 points, which is a respectable total.
B. Four Winds
The Four Winds is a hand that consists of any additional sets of tiles together with one set of each of the four Wind tiles (East, South, West, and North). The greatest score for a non-scoring special hand is this hand’s 88 points.
C. Three Scholars
The Green, Red, and White Dragon tiles, as well as any other sets of tiles, make up the Three Scholars hand. The value of this hand is 64 points.
D. Hidden Treasure
One of the hardest unique hands to produce is the Hidden Treasure hand. You need one set of each of the Terminals and Honors tiles, together with any extra sets of tiles, to finish this hand. The value of this hand is 88 points.
E. All Honors
The All Honors hand is a hand that consists entirely of Honor tiles (Wind and Dragon tiles). This hand is worth 64 points.
F. All Terminals
The All Terminals hand is a hand that consists entirely of Terminal tiles (ones and nines). This hand is worth 64 points.
G. Nine Gates
One of the hardest hands to make in Hong Kong Mahjong is the Nine Gates hand. You need one set of each of the three suits—Bamboos, Characters, and Dots—from one to nine, plus an additional tile from the same suit, to finish this hand. The value of this hand is 88 points.
H. Thirteen Orphans
The Thirteen Orphans hand is another very difficult hand to make. To complete this hand, you need to have one of each of the Honor tiles and each of the Terminals tiles, plus any additional tile. This hand is worth the maximum score of 88 points.
I. All Kongs
The All Kongs hand is a hand that consists entirely of Kong sets (four of a kind). This hand is worth 64 points.
J. Jade Dragon
The Jade Dragon hand consists of one set of Green Dragon tile and one set of any number of tiles. This hand is worth 64 points.
K. Ruby Dragon
The Ruby Dragon hand consists of one set of Red Dragon tile and one set of any number of tiles. This hand is worth 64 points.
L. Pearl Dragon
The Pearl Dragon hand consists of one set of White Dragon tile and one set of any number of tiles. This hand is worth 64 points.
M. Heavenly Hands
The Heavenly Hands hand is a rare and challenging hand to make. To complete this hand, you need to win the game on your first turn without discarding any tiles. This hand is worth the maximum score of 88 points.
N. Earthly Hands
The Earthly Hands hand is also a rare and challenging hand to make. To complete this hand, you need to win the game on the last turn of the game without discarding any tiles. This hand is worth the maximum score of 88 points.
Winning Tips To Play Hong Kong Mahjong
Knowing the laws and upholding them carefully are only one aspect of playing Hong Kong Mahjong; you must also be skilled in the winning methods and tactics. Here are three effective strategies to help you outperform your competitors:
– Keep Track of the Discards
In Hong Kong Mahjong, keeping track of the discards is crucial because you can infer the potential tiles that your opponents would require to finish their hands. Afterwards, in an attempt to prevent your adversaries from winning, try to discard those tiles.
– Be Flexible with Your Hand
Being adaptable with your hand is essential in Hong Kong Mahjong since the game revolves around doing just that. Based on the tiles you receive and the discards produced by your opponents, you should constantly be prepared to adjust your approach.
– Pay Attention to the Flowers and Seasons
In Hong Kong Mahjong, there is a unique set of tiles called The Flowers and Seasons that can help you gain extra points. It’s crucial to pay attention to the Flowers and Seasons because they can aid in your quest to win the game and increase your score.
Final Thoughts
In conclusion, the popular and thrilling game of Hong Kong Mahjong calls for skill, strategy, and chance. While knowing the game’s rules and mastering unique hands might help you win, it’s also crucial to be adaptable with your hand and pay attention to the bonus tiles and discards. Everyone can master Hong Kong Mahjong with enough effort and practise.
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FAQ
How do you play Hong Kong mahjong?
To play Hong Kong Mahjong, you need a set of 144 tiles and three to four players. The game is played by drawing and discarding tiles until one player completes a winning hand.
What is the difference between Singapore and Hong Kong mahjong?
While there are some variances in the rules and scoring systems between Singapore and Hong Kong Mahjong, there are many commonalities. The scoring in Singapore Mahjong, for instance, is determined by the number of winning points and employs a distinct set of bonus tiles.
Is Hong Kong Mahjong different?
Yes, Hong Kong Mahjong is different from other types of Mahjong, such as American Mahjong or Japanese Mahjong. The main differences lie in the rules and scoring systems, as well as the types of special hands.
Is Mahjong a Cantonese?
No, Mahjong is not a Cantonese. It is a game of Chinese origin that has become popular around the world, including in Southeast Asia, North America, and Europe.
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